---
title: The Minotaur is a myth, but bull-leaping was a real sport or ritual… — Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta · tree and pragmatics
description: The Minotaur is a myth, but bull-leaping was a real sport or ritual of the Minoans. Who acts: Minotaur, bull leaping. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta, sentence 8

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The Minotaur is a myth, but bull-leaping was a real sport or ritual of the Minoans.

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**Who acts:** Minotaur, bull leaping · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** myth, real sport

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minotaur, bull leaping), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:011-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta.lesson:8
# text = The Minotaur is a myth, but bull-leaping was a real sport or ritual of the Minoans.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 011-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=5:cc
8	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	_
10	leaping	leap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:nsubj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=14:cc
16	ritual	ritual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Minoans	Minoan	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Minotaur | a myth but a real sport or ritual of the Minoans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | bull leaping | a real sport or ritual of the Minoans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:011-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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