--- title: Rome was first ruled by kings; in about 509 BC the Romans threw out… — Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic · tree and pragmatics description: Rome was first ruled by kings; in about 509 BC the Romans threw out the last king and swore never to have a king again. Who acts: kings, Romans. A sentence of the lesson «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/) / 11 # Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic, sentence 11 Rome was first ruled by kings; in about 509 BC the Romans threw out the last king and swore never to have a king again. **Who acts:** kings, Romans · **What happens:** rule, throw out, not swear, have · **To what, where:** Rome, last king, 509 BC, king This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kings, Romans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson:11 # text = Rome was first ruled by kings; in about 509 BC the Romans threw out the last king and swore never to have a king again. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Rome Rome PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 3 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 advmod _ _ 4 ruled rule VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 parataxis _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl:agent _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 about about ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 509 509 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 BC BC PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 Romans Roman PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 14 threw throw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 out out ADP RP _ 14 compound:prt _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 swore swear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 21 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 20 advmod _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 xcomp _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 again again ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rule** | past · passive | kings | Rome | | | | first *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result | | 2 | **throw out** | past | the Romans | the last king | | 509 BC | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent king=Theme in bc=Destination | | 3 | **not** **swear** | past | the Romans *not said here* | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **have** | to-infinitive | the Romans *not said here* | a king | | | again | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/10/) - next →: [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/)