--- title: After Caesar's death his adopted son Octavian won the civil wars and… — Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic · tree and pragmatics description: After Caesar's death his adopted son Octavian won the civil wars and became Augustus, the first emperor, in 27 BC; he said the Republic still went on, but real power was now his, and the month August is named after him. Who acts: adopted son, son, Republic, real power. A sentence of the lesson «Rome --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/) / 19 # Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic, sentence 19 After Caesar's death his adopted son Octavian won the civil wars and became Augustus, the first emperor, in 27 BC; he said the Republic still went on, but real power was now his, and the month August is named after him. **Who acts:** adopted son, son, Republic, real power, Caesar · **What happens:** adopt, win, become, say, go on, be · **To what, where:** civil wars, 27, BC, August · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adopted son, son, Republic, real power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson:19 # text = After Caesar's death his adopted son Octavian won the civil wars and became Augustus, the first emperor, in 27 BC; he said the Republic still went on, but real power was now his, and the month August is named after him. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 After after ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 Caesar Caesar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:nmod:poss 6 adopted adopt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:amod 7 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:compound 8 Octavian Octavian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:nsubj 9 won win VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 civil civil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 wars war NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 15 Augustus Augustus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:obj 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 19 amod _ _ 19 emperor emperor NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 appos _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 27 27 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ _ 23 BC BC PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod:unmarked _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 Republic Republic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 29 still still ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 30 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 ccomp _ _ 31 on on ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 33 but but CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 34 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 power power NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 36 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 cop _ _ 37 now now ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 conj _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 month month NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 nmod:desc _ _ 43 August August PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 44 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 aux:pass _ _ 45 named name VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 38 conj _ _ 46 after after ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 obl _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **adopt** | participle | | | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **win** | past | Caesar's adopted son | the civil wars | | 27 BC | after Caesar's death | | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Eventuality | | 3 | **become** | past | Caesar's adopted son *not said here* | | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | son | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **go on** | past | the Republic | | | | still | | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **is a** | past | real power | BC | | | now | | tree rules | | 7 | **name** | present · passive | | August the month | | | after BC | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 8 | **die** | | Caesar | | | | | | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson:19`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/17/) - next →: [Rome: the empire, the legions and the…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/)