---
title: Aqueducts carried fresh water from hills to cities, sometimes over h… — Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads · tree and pragmatics
description: Aqueducts carried fresh water from hills to cities, sometimes over high stone bridges, using a gentle downhill slope. Who acts: Aqueducts. A sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads, sentence 13

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Aqueducts carried fresh water from hills to cities, sometimes over high stone bridges, using a gentle downhill slope.

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**Who acts:** Aqueducts · **What happens:** carry, use · **To what, where:** fresh water, hills, gentle downhill slope

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aqueducts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:13
# text = Aqueducts carried fresh water from hills to cities, sometimes over high stone bridges, using a gentle downhill slope.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Aqueducts	aqueduct	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	14	advmod	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	bridges	bridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	downhill	downhill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos
20	slope	slope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | Aqueducts | fresh water |  | hills |  | to cities; over high stone bridges | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme from hill=Initial\_Location to city=Destination |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | Aqueducts *not said here* | a gentle downhill slope |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slope=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Rome: the empire, the legions and the…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/14/)
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