---
title: Romans were great engineers, building aqueducts for water, arches, d… — Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads · tree and pragmatics
description: Romans were great engineers, building aqueducts for water, arches, domes and concrete. Who acts: Romans. A sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads, sentence 4

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Romans were great engineers, building aqueducts for water, arches, domes and concrete.

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**Who acts:** Romans · **What happens:** be, build · **To what, where:** great engineers, aqueducts

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Romans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:4
# text = Romans were great engineers, building aqueducts for water, arches, domes and concrete.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	engineers	engineer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	building	build	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:acl
7	aqueducts	aqueduct	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	arches	arch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	domes	dome	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	concrete	concrete	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Romans | great engineers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **build** | gerund | Romans *not said here* | aqueducts and arches and domes and concrete |  |  |  | for water | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent aqueduct=Product for water=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Rome: the empire, the legions and the…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/5/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/)