---
title: When Europeans arrived much later, tens of millions of people alread… — Native peoples of North America · tree and pragmatics
description: When Europeans arrived much later, tens of millions of people already lived there. Who acts: Europeans, tens. A sentence of the lesson «Native peoples of North America» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Native peoples of North America, sentence 1

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When Europeans arrived much later, tens of millions of people already lived there.

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**Who acts:** Europeans, tens · **What happens:** arrive, live

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Native peoples of North America» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Europeans, tens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson:1
# text = When Europeans arrived much later, tens of millions of people already lived there.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	Europeans	European	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
4	much	much	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	tens	ten	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	already	already	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | Europeans |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | past | tens of millions of people |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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