--- title: Europeans brought diseases like smallpox that Native peoples had nev… — Native peoples of North America · tree and pragmatics description: Europeans brought diseases like smallpox that Native peoples had never met, and very many died, often before they ever saw a European, as the illness spread ahead from village to village. Who acts: Europeans, Native peoples, many, People. A sentence of the lesson «Native peoples of North America» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/17-native-peoples-of-north-america/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Native peoples of North America](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/17-native-peoples-of-north-america/) / 18 # Native peoples of North America, sentence 18 Europeans brought diseases like smallpox that Native peoples had never met, and very many died, often before they ever saw a European, as the illness spread ahead from village to village. **Who acts:** Europeans, Native peoples, many, People, illness · **What happens:** bring, not meet, die, see, spread · **To what, where:** diseases, European, village This is a sentence of the lesson «Native peoples of North America» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Europeans, Native peoples, many, People), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson:18 # text = Europeans brought diseases like smallpox that Native peoples had never met, and very many died, often before they ever saw a European, as the illness spread ahead from village to village. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Europeans European PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 2 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 diseases disease NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 like like ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 smallpox smallpox NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:obl 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 obj _ _ 7 Native native ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 peoples people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 9 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 10 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 11 advmod _ _ 11 met meet VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 acl:relcl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 very very ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 nsubj _ _ 16 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 often often ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 19 before before SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 22 advmod _ _ 22 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:parataxis 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 European European PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 as as SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:det 28 illness illness NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:compound 29 spread spread NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 conj _ _ 30 ahead ahead ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:advmod 31 from from ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 village village NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 33 to to ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 village village NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bring** | past | Europeans | diseases | | | | like smallpox | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent disease=Theme | | 2 | **not** **meet** | past · perfect | Native peoples | diseases | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Co-Agent | | 3 | **die** | past | many | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 4 | **see** | past | People | a European | | | ever | often *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer european=Stimulus | | 5 | **spread** | | the illness | | | village | | ahead *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Native peoples of North America, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/17-native-peoples-of-north-america/17/) - next →: [Native peoples of North America, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/17-native-peoples-of-north-america/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/17-native-peoples-of-north-america/)