---
title: The Maya counted in twenties and had their own sign for zero, a shel… — The Maya · tree and pragmatics
description: The Maya counted in twenties and had their own sign for zero, a shell, invented separately from India. Who acts: Maya, twenties. A sentence of the lesson «The Maya» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Maya, sentence 12

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The Maya counted in twenties and had their own sign for zero, a shell, invented separately from India.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Maya, twenties · **What happens:** count, have, invent, sign · **To what, where:** twenties, own sign, India

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Maya» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maya, twenties), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:018-the-maya.lesson:12
# text = The Maya counted in twenties and had their own sign for zero, a shell, invented separately from India.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 018-the-maya.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Maya	Maya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	twenties	twenty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	zero	zero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	separately	separately	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | past | the Maya |  |  | twenties |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | past | the Maya *not said here* | twenties's own sign |  |  |  | for zero | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Patient |
| 3 | **invent** | past | the Maya *not said here* |  |  | India |  | separately *property* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from india=Material |
| 4 | **sign** |  | twenties *= twenty* |  |  |  |  | for zero | nom sign «communication transitive»: poss=agent for=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:018-the-maya.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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