---
title: Around 1,100 years ago many southern Maya cities were abandoned, pro… — The Maya · tree and pragmatics
description: Around 1,100 years ago many southern Maya cities were abandoned, probably because of long droughts, wars and too many people for the land. A sentence of the lesson «The Maya» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Maya, sentence 18

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Around 1,100 years ago many southern Maya cities were abandoned, probably because of long droughts, wars and too many people for the land.

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**What happens:** abandon · **To what, where:** many southern Maya cities

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Maya» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:018-the-maya.lesson:18
# text = Around 1,100 years ago many southern Maya cities were abandoned, probably because of long droughts, wars and too many people for the land.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 018-the-maya.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3
1	Around	around	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	1,100	1,100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:unmarked	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:obl:unmarked
4	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:advmod
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	Maya	Maya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
13	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	droughts	drought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	too	too	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | past · passive |  | many southern Maya cities |  |  |  | because long droughts and wars and many people for the land; ago, probably *property* | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: subject=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:018-the-maya.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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