--- title: Their longships were light and fast and could sail up shallow rivers… — The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings · tree and pragmatics description: Their longships were light and fast and could sail up shallow rivers, so Vikings could appear far from home without warning, like a speedboat that also fits in a stream. Who acts: longships, Vikings, speedboat. A sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/) / 4 # The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, sentence 4 Their longships were light and fast and could sail up shallow rivers, so Vikings could appear far from home without warning, like a speedboat that also fits in a stream. **Who acts:** longships, Vikings, speedboat · **What happens:** be, sail up, appear, fit · **To what, where:** shallow rivers, home, stream This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (longships, Vikings, speedboat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:4 # text = Their longships were light and fast and could sail up shallow rivers, so Vikings could appear far from home without warning, like a speedboat that also fits in a stream. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 longships longship NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 light light ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 sail sail VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 10 up up ADP RP _ 9 compound:prt _ _ 11 shallow shallow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 so so ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:cc|HaikuPos=CCONJ:CC:_ 15 Vikings viking PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 16 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 appear appear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=9:conj 18 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 17 advmod _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 home home NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 21 without without ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 like like ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 speedboat speedboat NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 27 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 29 nsubj _ _ 28 also also ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 fits fit VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 acl:relcl _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 stream stream NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | People's longships | | | | | light *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | People's longships *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **sail up** | could | People's longships *not said here* | shallow rivers | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme river=Trajectory | | 4 | **appear** | could | Vikings | | | home | | without warning; like a speedboat; far *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **fit** | present | a speedboat | | | a stream | | | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in stream=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/3/) - next →: [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/)