--- title: They settled in England, Ireland and Normandy, founded Dublin, reach… — The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings · tree and pragmatics description: They settled in England, Ireland and Normandy, founded Dublin, reached Iceland, Greenland and even North America, and in the east they travelled the rivers to Constantinople and helped found Kyivan Rus. Who acts: Vikings. A sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/) / 6 # The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, sentence 6 They settled in England, Ireland and Normandy, founded Dublin, reached Iceland, Greenland and even North America, and in the east they travelled the rivers to Constantinople and helped found Kyivan Rus. **Who acts:** Vikings · **What happens:** settle, found, reach, travel, help, find · **To what, where:** England, Dublin, Iceland, rivers, Constantinople, east This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vikings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:6 # text = They settled in England, Ireland and Normandy, founded Dublin, reached Iceland, Greenland and even North America, and in the east they travelled the rivers to Constantinople and helped found Kyivan Rus. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 settled settle VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 England England PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 Ireland Ireland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 Normandy Normandy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct 10 founded found VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 11 Dublin Dublin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 reached reach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 14 Iceland Iceland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 Greenland Greenland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 18 even even ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 19 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 east east NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 travelled travel VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 30 to to ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 Constantinople Constantinople PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 helped help VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 34 found find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 35 Kyivan Kyivan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 36 Rus Rus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 flat _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **settle** | past | Vikings *= viking* | | | England and Ireland and Normandy and North America | | | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in england=Location | | 2 | **found** | past | Vikings *= viking* *not said here* | Dublin | | | | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dublin=Patient | | 3 | **reach** | past | Vikings *= viking* *not said here* | Iceland and Greenland | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent iceland=Theme | | 4 | **travel** | past | Vikings *= viking* | the rivers | Constantinople | the east | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme river=Trajectory | | 5 | **help** | past | Vikings *= viking* *not said here* | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 6 | **find** | infinitive | Vikings *= viking* *not said here* | Kyivan | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kyivan=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/5/) - next →: [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/)