--- title: Vikings were Norse people from Denmark, Norway and Sweden; viking re… — The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings · tree and pragmatics description: Vikings were Norse people from Denmark, Norway and Sweden; viking really meant going on a sea raid, and most Norse people were farmers, fishers and traders. Who acts: Vikings, viking, most Norse people. A sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mova's pri --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/) / 9 # The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, sentence 9 Vikings were Norse people from Denmark, Norway and Sweden; viking really meant going on a sea raid, and most Norse people were farmers, fishers and traders. **Who acts:** Vikings, viking, most Norse people · **What happens:** be, mean, go · **To what, where:** Norse people, Denmark, sea raid, farmers This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vikings, viking, most Norse people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:9 # text = Vikings were Norse people from Denmark, Norway and Sweden; viking really meant going on a sea raid, and most Norse people were farmers, fishers and traders. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Vikings viking PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 2 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 Norse norse ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Denmark Denmark PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Norway Norway PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 Sweden Sweden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 12 viking viking NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 13 really really ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 meant mean VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 15 going go VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 xcomp _ _ 16 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 raid raid NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 22 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 24 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBS:Degree=Sup 23 Norse norse ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 25 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 26 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 fishers fisher NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 traders trader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | Vikings | Norse people and farmers and fishers and traders | | Denmark and Norway and Sweden | | | tree rules | | 2 | **mean** | past | viking | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **go** *not said to happen* | gerund | viking *not said here* | | | a sea raid | | | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on raid=Location | | 4 | **is a** | past | most Norse people | farmers and fishers and traders | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/7/) - next →: [The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/)