--- title: Attackers besieged castles for weeks or months with catapults and tr… — Castles, knights and cathedrals · tree and pragmatics description: Attackers besieged castles for weeks or months with catapults and trebuchets, or tried to starve the defenders out, and cannons from the 1400s made castle walls far less useful. Who acts: Attackers, cannons. A sentence of the lesson «Castles, knights and cathedrals» of the history course of Mova's p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/21-castles-knights-and-cathedrals/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Castles, knights and cathedrals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/21-castles-knights-and-cathedrals/) / 8 # Castles, knights and cathedrals, sentence 8 Attackers besieged castles for weeks or months with catapults and trebuchets, or tried to starve the defenders out, and cannons from the 1400s made castle walls far less useful. **Who acts:** Attackers, cannons · **What happens:** besiege, try, starve out, make · **To what, where:** castles, defenders, castle walls This is a sentence of the lesson «Castles, knights and cathedrals» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Attackers, cannons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:021-castles-knights-and-cathedrals.lesson:8 # text = Attackers besieged castles for weeks or months with catapults and trebuchets, or tried to starve the defenders out, and cannons from the 1400s made castle walls far less useful. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 021-castles-knights-and-cathedrals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Attackers attacker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 besieged besiege VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 castles castle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 for for ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 weeks week NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 6 or or CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 8 with with ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 catapults catapult NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 trebuchets trebuchet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 or or CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 tried try VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 starve starve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 xcomp _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 defenders defender NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 19 out out ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 22 cannons cannon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 23 from from ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 1400s 1400 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 22 nmod _ _ 26 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 27 castle castle NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 walls wall NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 29 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 30 advmod _ _ 30 less less ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 31 advmod _ _ 31 useful useful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 xcomp _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **besiege** | past | Attackers | castles | | | week | with catapults and trebuchets | tree rules | | 2 | **try** | past | Attackers *not said here* | | | | | | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 3 | **starve out** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Attackers *not said here* | the defenders | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **make** | past | cannons from the 1400s | castle walls | | | | useful *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wall=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:021-castles-knights-and-cathedrals.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Castles, knights and cathedrals, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/21-castles-knights-and-cathedrals/7/) - next →: [Castles, knights and cathedrals, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/21-castles-knights-and-cathedrals/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/21-castles-knights-and-cathedrals/)