--- title: The prophet Muhammad lived in Arabia about 1,400 years ago, and with… — The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval wo… · tree and pragmatics description: The prophet Muhammad lived in Arabia about 1,400 years ago, and within a hundred years Muslim rulers governed lands from Spain to India, where Arabic became the shared language of learning and trade. Who acts: prophet, Muslim rulers, Arabic. A sentence of the lesson «The Islamic golden age and the w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/22-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [The Islamic golden age and the wider m…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/22-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world/) / 1 # The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world, sentence 1 The prophet Muhammad lived in Arabia about 1,400 years ago, and within a hundred years Muslim rulers governed lands from Spain to India, where Arabic became the shared language of learning and trade. **Who acts:** prophet, Muslim rulers, Arabic · **What happens:** live, govern, become, share · **To what, where:** Arabia, lands, India, Spain, shared language This is a sentence of the lesson «The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prophet, Muslim rulers, Arabic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson:1 # text = The prophet Muhammad lived in Arabia about 1,400 years ago, and within a hundred years Muslim rulers governed lands from Spain to India, where Arabic became the shared language of learning and trade. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 prophet prophet NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 Muhammad Muhammad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 4 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Arabia Arabia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 about about ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 1,400 1,400 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl:unmarked _ _ 10 ago ago ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 13 within within ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 16 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obl _ _ 17 Muslim Muslim ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 rulers ruler NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 19 governed govern VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 20 lands land NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 21 from from ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Spain Spain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 28 advmod _ _ 27 Arabic Arabic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 shared share VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 amod _ _ 31 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 xcomp _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 learning learning NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=31:nmod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 trade trade NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 conj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | the prophet | | | Arabia | | ago *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in arabia=Location | | 2 | **govern** | past | Muslim rulers | lands | India | Spain | year | | vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent land=Theme | | 3 | **become** | past | Arabic | the shared language of learning and trade | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **share** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Islamic golden age and the wider m…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/22-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world/0/) - next →: [The Islamic golden age and the wider m…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/22-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/22-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world/)