---
title: Muslims learned papermaking from China and built paper mills in Bagh… — The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval wo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Muslims learned papermaking from China and built paper mills in Baghdad and later in Spain, so books became cheaper. Who acts: Muslims, books. A sentence of the lesson «The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and th
---

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# The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world, sentence 15

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Muslims learned papermaking from China and built paper mills in Baghdad and later in Spain, so books became cheaper.

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**Who acts:** Muslims, books · **What happens:** learn, build, become · **To what, where:** papermaking, China, paper mills, Baghdad

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Muslims, books), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson:15
# text = Muslims learned papermaking from China and built paper mills in Baghdad and later in Spain, so books became cheaper.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Muslims	Muslim	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	papermaking	papermaking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	mills	mill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Baghdad	Baghdad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
20	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	xcomp	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | Muslims | papermaking |  | China |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent papermaking=Topic from china=Source |
| 2 | **build** | past | Muslims *not said here* | paper mills |  | Baghdad and Spain |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mill=Product |
| 3 | **become** | past | books |  |  |  |  | cheap *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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