---
title: Arabic became the shared language of learning and trade across this… — The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval wo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Arabic became the shared language of learning and trade across this huge area. Who acts: Arabic. A sentence of the lesson «The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world, sentence 6

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Arabic became the shared language of learning and trade across this huge area.

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**Who acts:** Arabic · **What happens:** become, share · **To what, where:** shared language

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Islamic golden age and the wider medieval world» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arabic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson:6
# text = Arabic became the shared language of learning and trade across this huge area.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	learning	learning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	across	across	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
12	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | Arabic | the shared language of learning and trade |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **share** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:022-the-islamic-golden-age-and-the-wider-medieval-world.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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