---
title: In 1492 he reached the Caribbean, home to the Taíno and millions of… — Explorers: around Africa and Columbus · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1492 he reached the Caribbean, home to the Taíno and millions of other people, and plants, animals and diseases began to cross the Atlantic both ways. Who acts: Christopher, plants. A sentence of the lesson «Explorers: around Africa and Columbus» of the history course of Mova's primary school wit
---

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# Explorers: around Africa and Columbus, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 1492 he reached the Caribbean, home to the Taíno and millions of other people, and plants, animals and diseases began to cross the Atlantic both ways.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Christopher, plants · **What happens:** reach, begin, cross · **To what, where:** Caribbean, 1492, Atlantic

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers: around Africa and Columbus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christopher, plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:026-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus.lesson:3
# text = In 1492 he reached the Caribbean, home to the Taíno and millions of other people, and plants, animals and diseases began to cross the Atlantic both ways.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 026-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1492	1492	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Caribbean	Caribbean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Taíno	Taíno	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	diseases	disease	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
24	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Atlantic	Atlantic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	det	_	_
30	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl:unmarked	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | Christopher | the Caribbean |  | 1492 |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent caribbean=Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past | plants and animals and diseases |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **cross** | to-infinitive | plants and animals and diseases *not said here* | the Atlantic |  |  |  | both ways *obl:unmarked* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent atlantic=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:026-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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