---
title: Cook sailed further south than anyone before, crossing the Antarctic… — Explorers: Cook and the Pacific · tree and pragmatics
description: Cook sailed further south than anyone before, crossing the Antarctic Circle, but turned back at the ice, and Antarctica was first seen in 1820. Who acts: Cook. A sentence of the lesson «Explorers: Cook and the Pacific» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the p
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific/14/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Explorers: Cook and the Pacific](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific/) / 14

# Explorers: Cook and the Pacific, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cook sailed further south than anyone before, crossing the Antarctic Circle, but turned back at the ice, and Antarctica was first seen in 1820.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cook · **What happens:** sail, cross, turn back, see · **To what, where:** Antarctic Circle, ice, Antarctica, 1820

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers: Cook and the Pacific» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cook), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:028-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific.lesson:14
# text = Cook sailed further south than anyone before, crossing the Antarctic Circle, but turned back at the ice, and Antarctica was first seen in 1820.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 028-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sailed	sail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	further	further	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	south	south	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
7	before	before	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Antarctic	Antarctic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Circle	Circle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:parataxis
16	back	back	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	Antarctica	Antarctica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux:pass	_	_
24	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	25	advmod	_	_
25	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:conj
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	1820	1820	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | past | Cook |  |  |  |  | than anyone; south *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cross** | gerund | Cook *not said here* | the Antarctic Circle |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circle=Patient |
| 3 | **turn back** | past | Cook *not said here* |  |  | the ice |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **see** | past · passive |  | Antarctica |  | 1820 |  | first *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:028-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Explorers: Cook and the Pacific, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific/13/)
- next →: [Explorers: Cook and the Pacific, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific/15/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific/)