---
title: Polynesian navigators crossed the Pacific in double canoes, finding… — Explorers: Cook and the Pacific · tree and pragmatics
description: Polynesian navigators crossed the Pacific in double canoes, finding their way by the stars, waves and birds, and settled islands from Hawaii to New Zealand. Who acts: Polynesian navigators. A sentence of the lesson «Explorers: Cook and the Pacific» of the history course of Mova's primary school with
---

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# Explorers: Cook and the Pacific, sentence 5

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Polynesian navigators crossed the Pacific in double canoes, finding their way by the stars, waves and birds, and settled islands from Hawaii to New Zealand.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Polynesian navigators · **What happens:** cross, find, settle · **To what, where:** Pacific, way, islands, New Zealand, Hawaii

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers: Cook and the Pacific» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Polynesian navigators), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:028-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific.lesson:5
# text = Polynesian navigators crossed the Pacific in double canoes, finding their way by the stars, waves and birds, and settled islands from Hawaii to New Zealand.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 028-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Polynesian	polynesian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
2	navigators	navigator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	finding	find	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	settled	settle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
23	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	New	New	PROPN	NNP	_	28	flat	_	_
28	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | past | Polynesian navigators | the Pacific |  |  |  | in double canoes | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent pacific=Patient in canoe=Topic |
| 2 | **find** | gerund | Polynesian navigators *not said here* | navigators's way |  |  |  | by the stars and waves and birds | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |
| 3 | **settle** | past | Polynesian navigators *not said here* | islands | New Zealand | Hawaii |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme island=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:028-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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