--- title: Newton said a falling apple made him think about gravity, but the st… — The age of science · tree and pragmatics description: Newton said a falling apple made him think about gravity, but the story that it hit him on the head is probably made up. Who acts: Newton, falling apple, apple. A sentence of the lesson «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/29-the-age-of-science/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [The age of science](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/29-the-age-of-science/) / 8 # The age of science, sentence 8 Newton said a falling apple made him think about gravity, but the story that it hit him on the head is probably made up. **Who acts:** Newton, falling apple, apple · **What happens:** say, fall, make, think, hit, make up · **To what, where:** Newton, story · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Newton, falling apple, apple), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:029-the-age-of-science.lesson:8 # text = Newton said a falling apple made him think about gravity, but the story that it hit him on the head is probably made up. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 029-the-age-of-science.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Newton Newton PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 falling fall VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 5 apple apple NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 7 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ _ 8 think think VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 9 about about ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 gravity gravity NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 12 but but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 15 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 16 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 hit hit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl _ _ 18 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 19 on on ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 22 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux:pass _ _ 23 probably probably ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 24 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 conj _ _ 25 up up ADP RP _ 24 compound:prt _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Newton | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **fall** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **make** | past | a falling apple | Newton | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive | Newton *not said here* | | | | | about gravity | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about gravity=Topic | | 5 | **hit** | past | apple | Newton | | | | on the head | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument on head=Patient | | 6 | **make up** | present · passive | | the story | | | | probably *property* | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:029-the-age-of-science.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The age of science, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/29-the-age-of-science/7/) - next →: [The age of science, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/29-the-age-of-science/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/29-the-age-of-science/)