--- title: Many soldiers thought it would be over by Christmas, but on the West… — The First World War · tree and pragmatics description: Many soldiers thought it would be over by Christmas, but on the Western Front both sides dug long muddy trenches and neither could break through for years. Who acts: Many soldiers, most, sides. A sentence of the lesson «The First World War» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/33-the-first-world-war/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [The First World War](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/33-the-first-world-war/) / 2 # The First World War, sentence 2 Many soldiers thought it would be over by Christmas, but on the Western Front both sides dug long muddy trenches and neither could break through for years. **Who acts:** Many soldiers, most, sides · **What happens:** think, be, dig, break through · **To what, where:** long muddy trenches, Western Front · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The First World War» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many soldiers, most, sides), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:033-the-first-world-war.lesson:2 # text = Many soldiers thought it would be over by Christmas, but on the Western Front both sides dug long muddy trenches and neither could break through for years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 033-the-first-world-war.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 soldiers soldier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 5 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 6 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 7 cop _ _ 7 over over ADV RB _ 3 ccomp _ _ 8 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Christmas Christmas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 11 but but CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 12 on on ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 Western Western ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 Front Front PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 16 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 17 det _ _ 17 sides side NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 18 dug dig VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:parataxis 19 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:Degree=Pos 20 muddy muddy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 trenches trench NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 neither neither ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 24 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 break break VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ _ 26 through through ADP RP _ 25 compound:prt _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Many soldiers | | | | | by Christmas | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | would | most | | | | | over *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **dig** | past | both sides | long muddy trenches | | the Western Front | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent trench=Theme on front=Location | | 4 | **break through** | could | both sides *not said here* | | | | year | neither *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:033-the-first-world-war.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The First World War, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/33-the-first-world-war/1/) - next →: [The First World War, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/33-the-first-world-war/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/33-the-first-world-war/)