---
title: On the Western Front armies dug long lines of trenches facing each o… — The First World War · tree and pragmatics
description: On the Western Front armies dug long lines of trenches facing each other, muddy, wet and full of rats, and neither side could break through for years. Who acts: armies, trenches, side. A sentence of the lesson «The First World War» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency t
---

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# The First World War, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the Western Front armies dug long lines of trenches facing each other, muddy, wet and full of rats, and neither side could break through for years.

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**Who acts:** armies, trenches, side · **What happens:** dig, face, break through · **To what, where:** long lines, Western Front, each

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The First World War» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (armies, trenches, side), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:033-the-first-world-war.lesson:9
# text = On the Western Front armies dug long lines of trenches facing each other, muddy, wet and full of rats, and neither side could break through for years.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 033-the-first-world-war.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	dug	dig	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	trenches	trench	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	facing	face	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	11	obj	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	fixed	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
15	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	rats	rat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	25	det	_	_
25	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
28	through	through	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig** | past | armies | long lines of trenches |  | the Western Front |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent line=Theme on front=Location |
| 2 | **face** | gerund | trenches *not said here* | each |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme each=Destination |
| 3 | **break through** | could | neither side |  |  |  | year |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:033-the-first-world-war.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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