---
title: In 1939 Germany invaded Poland and a war began that spread across th… — The Second World War · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1939 Germany invaded Poland and a war began that spread across the whole world; British children were sent to the countryside with a gas mask and a name label, and Ukraine was one of the places worst hit of all. Who acts: Germany, war, Ukraine. A sentence of the lesson «The Second World War» of t
---

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# The Second World War, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 1939 Germany invaded Poland and a war began that spread across the whole world; British children were sent to the countryside with a gas mask and a name label, and Ukraine was one of the places worst hit of all.

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**Who acts:** Germany, war, Ukraine · **What happens:** invade, begin, spread, send, be, hit · **To what, where:** Poland, 1939, whole world, British children, countryside, one

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Second World War» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Germany, war, Ukraine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:034-the-second-world-war.lesson:2
# text = In 1939 Germany invaded Poland and a war began that spread across the whole world; British children were sent to the countryside with a gas mask and a name label, and Ukraine was one of the places worst hit of all.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 034-the-second-world-war.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1939	1939	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
3	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	invaded	invade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Poland	Poland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	across	across	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	countryside	countryside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	mask	mask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	label	label	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
35	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
36	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	conj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	_
40	worst	bad	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	41	advmod	_	_
41	hit	hit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	acl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	41	obl	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invade** | past | Germany | Poland |  | 1939 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **begin** | past | a war |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **spread** | past | a war |  |  | the whole world |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme across world=Destination |
| 4 | **send** | past · passive |  | British children |  | the countryside |  | with a gas mask and a name label | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to countryside=Destination |
| 5 | **is a** | past | Ukraine | one |  |  |  | of the places | tree rules |
| 6 | **hit** | participle |  | the places *not said here* |  |  |  | of all; bad *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:034-the-second-world-war.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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