---
title: Irish monks made beautiful books such as the Book of Kells and kept… — Britain and Ireland: a short story · tree and pragmatics
description: Irish monks made beautiful books such as the Book of Kells and kept learning alive across Europe, and Saint Patrick is Ireland's patron saint. Who acts: Irish monks, Saint Patrick. A sentence of the lesson «Britain and Ireland: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its d
---

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# Britain and Ireland: a short story, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Irish monks made beautiful books such as the Book of Kells and kept learning alive across Europe, and Saint Patrick is Ireland's patron saint.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Irish monks, Saint Patrick · **What happens:** make, keep, learn, be · **To what, where:** beautiful books, Europe, patron saint

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Britain and Ireland: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Irish monks, Saint Patrick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:037-britain-and-ireland-a-short-story.lesson:14
# text = Irish monks made beautiful books such as the Book of Kells and kept learning alive across Europe, and Saint Patrick is Ireland's patron saint.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 037-britain-and-ireland-a-short-story.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	monks	monk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Book	Book	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Kells	Kells	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	xcomp	_	_
15	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	_
16	across	across	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	Saint	Saint	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	Patrick	Patrick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
23	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	_
24	's	's	PART	POS	_	23	case	_	_
25	patron	patron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	saint	saint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Irish monks | beautiful books |  |  |  | such the Book of Kells | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Product |
| 2 | **keep** | past | Irish monks *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **learn** | gerund | Irish monks *not said here* |  |  | Europe |  | alive *property* | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | present | Saint Patrick | Ireland's patron saint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:037-britain-and-ireland-a-short-story.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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