--- title: Across the sea the Māori had arrived in Aotearoa, New Zealand, from… — Australia and New Zealand: a short story · tree and pragmatics description: Across the sea the Māori had arrived in Aotearoa, New Zealand, from Polynesia about 700 years ago, and in 1840 their chiefs and the British signed the Treaty of Waitangi, whose English and Māori versions said different things. Who acts: Māori, chiefs, English versions. A sentence of the lesson «Aust --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Australia and New Zealand: a short story](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/) / 3 # Australia and New Zealand: a short story, sentence 3 Across the sea the Māori had arrived in Aotearoa, New Zealand, from Polynesia about 700 years ago, and in 1840 their chiefs and the British signed the Treaty of Waitangi, whose English and Māori versions said different things. **Who acts:** Māori, chiefs, English versions · **What happens:** arrive, sign, say · **To what, where:** sea, Treaty, 1840, different things · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Australia and New Zealand: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Māori, chiefs, English versions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:040-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story.lesson:3 # text = Across the sea the Māori had arrived in Aotearoa, New Zealand, from Polynesia about 700 years ago, and in 1840 their chiefs and the British signed the Treaty of Waitangi, whose English and Māori versions said different things. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 040-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Across across ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 Māori Māori PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 arrived arrive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Aotearoa Aotearoa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 New New PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 Zealand Zealand PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 from from ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Polynesia Polynesia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 16 about about ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 700 700 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 nummod _ _ 18 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:obl:unmarked 19 ago ago ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:advmod 20 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 1840 1840 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 obl _ _ 24 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 chiefs chief NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 British British PROPN NNP _ 25 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=25:conj|HaikuPos=ADJ:NNP:Degree=Pos 29 signed sign VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 Treaty Treaty PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Waitangi Waitangi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 39 nmod:poss _ _ 36 English English ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=39:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 Māori Māori PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 conj _ _ 39 versions version NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 nsubj _ _ 40 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:parataxis 41 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obj _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **arrive** | past · perfect | the Māori | | | the sea | | in Aotearoa and New Zealand; from Polynesia; ago *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme across sea=Initial\_Location from polynesia=Destination | | 2 | **sign** | past | Aotearoa's chiefs and the British | the Treaty of Waitangi | | 1840 | | | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent treaty=Theme in 1840=Destination | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | English versions | different things | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:040-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Australia and New Zealand: a short story, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/2/) - next →: [Australia and New Zealand: a short story, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/)