---
title: The Primary Chronicle (the Tale of Bygone Years) was put together ar… — Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus · tree and pragmatics
description: The Primary Chronicle (the Tale of Bygone Years) was put together around 1113, probably at the Kyiv Caves Monastery; it mixes facts and legends, so historians check it against archaeology and foreign sources. Who acts: Monastery, historians. A sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus
---

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# Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus, sentence 15

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The Primary Chronicle (the Tale of Bygone Years) was put together around 1113, probably at the Kyiv Caves Monastery; it mixes facts and legends, so historians check it against archaeology and foreign sources.

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**Who acts:** Monastery, historians · **What happens:** put together, mix, check · **To what, where:** Primary Chronicle, 1113, facts, Monastery

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Monastery, historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:15
# text = The Primary Chronicle (the Tale of Bygone Years) was put together around 1113, probably at the Kyiv Caves Monastery; it mixes facts and legends, so historians check it against archaeology and foreign sources.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Primary	Primary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Chronicle	Chronicle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Tale	Tale	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Bygone	bygone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Years	Year	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	together	together	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	around	around	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	1113	1113	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
17	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
21	Caves	cave	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	compound	_	_
22	Monastery	monastery	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=12:punct
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	mixes	mix	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj
26	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	legends	legend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=12:punct
30	so	so	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
31	historians	historian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj	_	_
32	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	against	against	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	archaeology	archaeology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
37	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	conj	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put together** | past · passive |  | the Primary Chronicle |  | 1113 |  | at the Kyiv Caves Monastery; probably, together *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme around 1113=Destination |
| 2 | **mix** | present | Monastery | facts and legends |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Patient |
| 3 | **check** | infinitive | historians | Monastery |  |  |  | against archaeology and foreign sources | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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