--- title: Kyiv is very old: it was clearly an important town by the 900s, long… — Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus · tree and pragmatics description: Kyiv is very old: it was clearly an important town by the 900s, long before Moscow is first mentioned in 1147, but nobody knows its exact birthday, so the 1,500 years celebrated in 1982 is a chosen round date, like a party for a grandad who lost his birth certificate. Who acts: Kyiv, way, nobody, 1, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/) / 3 # Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus, sentence 3 Kyiv is very old: it was clearly an important town by the 900s, long before Moscow is first mentioned in 1147, but nobody knows its exact birthday, so the 1,500 years celebrated in 1982 is a chosen round date, like a party for a grandad who lost his birth certificate. **Who acts:** Kyiv, way, nobody, 1,500 years, grandad · **What happens:** be, mention, know, celebrate, choose, lose · **To what, where:** important town, Moscow, 1147, exact birthday, 1,500 years, 1982 This is a sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kyiv, way, nobody, 1,500 years), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:3 # text = Kyiv is very old: it was clearly an important town by the 900s, long before Moscow is first mentioned in 1147, but nobody knows its exact birthday, so the 1,500 years celebrated in 1982 is a chosen round date, like a party for a grandad who lost his birth certificate. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Kyiv Kyiv PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 very very ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ 6 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 8 clearly clearly ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 9 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 important important ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 12 by by ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 900s 900 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 11 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 16 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 21 advmod _ _ 17 before before SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 18 Moscow Moscow PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nsubj:pass _ _ 19 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux:pass _ _ 20 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 21 advmod _ _ 21 mentioned mention VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 advcl _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 1147 1147 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 but but CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 27 nsubj _ _ 27 knows know VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 28 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 29 exact exact ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 birthday birthday NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=36:punct 32 so so ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 1,500 1,500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 35 nummod _ _ 35 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 nsubj _ _ 36 celebrated celebrate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 acl _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 1982 1982 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 36 obl _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 cop _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 41 chosen choose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 43 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=42:amod 42 round round NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 43 date date NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 like like ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 party party NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=43:obl 48 for for ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 grandad grandad NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 51 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 52 nsubj _ _ 52 lost lose VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 50 acl:relcl _ _ 53 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 55 nmod:poss _ _ 54 birth birth NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 compound _ _ 55 certificate certificate NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obj _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Kyiv | | | | | old *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | past | way | a important town | | | | by the 900s; clearly *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **mention** *speech: other* | present · passive | | Moscow | | 1147 | | first, long *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | | 4 | **know** | present | nobody | way's exact birthday | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer birthday=Stimulus | | 5 | **celebrate** | participle | | the 1,500 years *not said here* | | 1982 | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **choose** | participle | | | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is a** | present | the 1,500 years | a chosen round date | | | | like a party for a grandad | tree rules | | 8 | **lose** | past | a grandad | Kyiv's birth certificate | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent certificate=Eventuality | | 9 | **certificate** | | Kyiv | | | | | | nom certificate «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/2/) - next →: [Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/)