---
title: Kyiv was an important town by the 10th century, and Moscow is first… — Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus · tree and pragmatics
description: Kyiv was an important town by the 10th century, and Moscow is first mentioned in a chronicle in 1147. Who acts: Kyiv. A sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus, sentence 7

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Kyiv was an important town by the 10th century, and Moscow is first mentioned in a chronicle in 1147.

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**Who acts:** Kyiv · **What happens:** be, mention · **To what, where:** important town, Moscow, chronicle

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kyiv), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:7
# text = Kyiv was an important town by the 10th century, and Moscow is first mentioned in a chronicle in 1147.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	10th	10th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	Moscow	Moscow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
14	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	15	advmod	_	_
15	mentioned	mention	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	chronicle	chronicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	1147	1147	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Kyiv | a important town |  |  | century |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mention** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | Moscow |  | a chronicle |  | in 1147; first *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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