---
title: The legend of Kyi, Shchek, Khoryv and their sister Lybid was written… — Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus · tree and pragmatics
description: The legend of Kyi, Shchek, Khoryv and their sister Lybid was written down in the Primary Chronicle; the river Lybid and the hills Shchekavytsia and Khorevytsia carry their names, but nobody can prove they were real people. Who acts: river, nobody. A sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyiv
---

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# Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus, sentence 8

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The legend of Kyi, Shchek, Khoryv and their sister Lybid was written down in the Primary Chronicle; the river Lybid and the hills Shchekavytsia and Khorevytsia carry their names, but nobody can prove they were real people.

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**Who acts:** river, nobody · **What happens:** write down, carry, prove, be, name · **To what, where:** sister, Primary, names, real people

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (river, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:8
# text = The legend of Kyi, Shchek, Khoryv and their sister Lybid was written down in the Primary Chronicle; the river Lybid and the hills Shchekavytsia and Khorevytsia carry their names, but nobody can prove they were real people.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	legend	legend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Kyi	Kyi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Shchek	Shchek	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:nmod:unmarked
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Khoryv	Khoryv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	Lybid	Lybid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
15	down	down	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:det
18	Primary	Primary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	Chronicle	Chronicle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
23	Lybid	Lybid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
27	Shchekavytsia	Shchekavytsia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	Khorevytsia	Khorevytsia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
30	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
31	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
35	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	37	nsubj	_	_
36	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
38	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
39	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
40	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	ccomp	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | past · passive |  | Kyi's sister |  | Primary |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in primary=Destination |
| 2 | **carry** | present | the river and the hills | river's names |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme |
| 3 | **prove** | can | nobody |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | past | river | real people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **name** |  | river |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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