--- title: In December 1240 the Mongol army under Batu took Kyiv after a siege… — Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols · tree and pragmatics description: In December 1240 the Mongol army under Batu took Kyiv after a siege as part of a huge campaign across eastern Europe; much of the city was ruined, but it survived as a smaller town. Who acts: Mongol army, army. A sentence of the lesson «Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols» of the history co --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the M…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols/) / 12 # Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols, sentence 12 In December 1240 the Mongol army under Batu took Kyiv after a siege as part of a huge campaign across eastern Europe; much of the city was ruined, but it survived as a smaller town. **Who acts:** Mongol army, army · **What happens:** take, ruin, survive · **To what, where:** Kyiv, much This is a sentence of the lesson «Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mongol army, army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:042-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols.lesson:12 # text = In December 1240 the Mongol army under Batu took Kyiv after a siege as part of a huge campaign across eastern Europe; much of the city was ruined, but it survived as a smaller town. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 042-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 December December PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 3 1240 1240 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 nmod:unmarked _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 Mongol mongol PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 6 army army NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 7 under under ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Batu Batu PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 Kyiv Kyiv PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 after after ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 siege siege NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 14 as as ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:nmod 16 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 campaign campaign NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 20 across across ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 eastern eastern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 28 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux:pass _ _ 29 ruined ruin VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 but but CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 survived survive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:conj 34 as as ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 smaller small ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 37 amod _ _ 37 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past | the Mongol army under Batu | Kyiv | | | after a siege; december | as part of a huge campaign across eastern Europe | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent kyiv=Theme as part=Attribute | | 2 | **ruin** | past · passive | | much of the city | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 3 | **survive** | past | army | | | | | as a smaller town | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:042-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the M…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols/11/) - next →: [Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the M…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols/)