--- title: The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) fought for independence against S… — Ukraine in the Second World War · tree and pragmatics description: The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) fought for independence against Soviet forces and at times against the Germans; in 1943–1944 UPA units carried out mass killings of Polish civilians in Volhynia, and Ukrainian and Polish historians work on these facts together. Who acts: Ukrainian Insurgent, 1944 U --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/47-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ukraine in the Second World War](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/47-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war/) / 9 # Ukraine in the Second World War, sentence 9 The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) fought for independence against Soviet forces and at times against the Germans; in 1943–1944 UPA units carried out mass killings of Polish civilians in Volhynia, and Ukrainian and Polish historians work on these facts together. **Who acts:** Ukrainian Insurgent, 1944 UPA units · **What happens:** fight, carry out, work, kill · **To what, where:** mass killings, 1943, Polish civilians, Volhynia This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine in the Second World War» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ukrainian Insurgent, 1944 UPA units), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:047-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war.lesson:9 # text = The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) fought for independence against Soviet forces and at times against the Germans; in 1943–1944 UPA units carried out mass killings of Polish civilians in Volhynia, and Ukrainian and Polish historians work on these facts together. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 047-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:det 2 Ukrainian ukrainian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 Insurgent insurgent NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 4 Army Army PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:appos 5 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 6 punct _ _ 6 UPA UPA PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 appos _ _ 7 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 6 punct _ _ 8 fought fight VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 independence independence NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 11 against against ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 Soviet soviet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 13 forces force NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 15 at at ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 17 against against ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 Germans german NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 1943 1943 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 27 obl _ _ 23 – - PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 24 1944 1944 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 25 UPA UPA PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 units unit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 carried carry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:advcl 28 out out ADP RP _ 27 compound:prt _ _ 29 mass mass ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 killings killing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 Polish polish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 civilians civilian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nmod _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 Volhynia Volhynia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 Ukrainian Ukrainian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 conj _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 40 Polish polish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=41:amod 41 historians historian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 42 work work VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 43 on on ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 45 det _ _ 45 facts fact NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 obl _ _ 46 together together ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fight** | past | Ukrainian Insurgent | | | | | for independence against Soviet forces | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **carry out** | past | 1944 UPA units | mass killings of Polish civilians | | 1943 | time | in Volhynia and Ukrainian and historians | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent killing=Eventuality | | 3 | **work** | present | | | | | | on this facts; together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on fact=Theme | | 4 | **kill** | | | Polish civilians | | Volhynia and Ukrainian and historians | | | nom killing «event transitive»: of=patient in=place | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:047-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ukraine in the Second World War, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/47-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war/8/) - next →: [Ukraine in the Second World War, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/47-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/47-ukraine-in-the-second-world-war/)