--- title: The blue-and-yellow flag comes from Galician coats of arms and was u… — Chornobyl and independence in 1991 · tree and pragmatics description: The blue-and-yellow flag comes from Galician coats of arms and was used by Ukrainians in 1848; it was used in 1918 and adopted again in 1992, and the «sky over wheat» reading is popular and later. Who acts: blue flag, Ukrainians, sky. A sentence of the lesson «Chornobyl and independence in 1991» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Chornobyl and independence in 1991](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/) / 14 # Chornobyl and independence in 1991, sentence 14 The blue-and-yellow flag comes from Galician coats of arms and was used by Ukrainians in 1848; it was used in 1918 and adopted again in 1992, and the «sky over wheat» reading is popular and later. **Who acts:** blue flag, Ukrainians, sky · **What happens:** come, use, adopt, be · **To what, where:** Galician coats, 1848, flag, 1918, 1992 This is a sentence of the lesson «Chornobyl and independence in 1991» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (blue flag, Ukrainians, sky), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:048-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991.lesson:14 # text = The blue-and-yellow flag comes from Galician coats of arms and was used by Ukrainians in 1848; it was used in 1918 and adopted again in 1992, and the «sky over wheat» reading is popular and later. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 048-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 2 blue blue ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 6 punct _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct _ _ 6 yellow yellow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 conj _ _ 7 flag flag NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 Galician galician ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 11 coats coat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 arms arm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux:pass _ _ 16 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 conj _ _ 17 by by ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 Ukrainians ukrainian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 16 obl:agent _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 1848 1848 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 16 obl _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux:pass _ _ 24 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 conj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 1918 1918 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 24 obl _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 adopted adopt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 conj _ _ 29 again again ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 1992 1992 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 « « PUNCT `` _ 36 punct _ _ 36 sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ _ 37 over over ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 38 wheat wheat NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=40:compound 39 » » PUNCT '' _ 36 punct _ _ 40 reading reading NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 41 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 42 popular popular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:parataxis 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 44 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 42 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=42:advmod 45 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | the blue flag | | | Galician coats of arms | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from coat=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **use** | past · passive | Ukrainians | | | 1848 | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **use** | past · passive | | flag | | 1918 | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **adopt** | participle | | | | 1992 | again | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | present | the sky wheat over reading | | | | | popular *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:048-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Chornobyl and independence in 1991, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/12/) - next →: [Chornobyl and independence in 1991, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/)