---
title: In 2004 a presidential election was falsified, and hundreds of thous… — The Orange Revolution, the Maidan and the war · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2004 a presidential election was falsified, and hundreds of thousands of people in orange scarves stood peacefully on Kyiv's Maidan, the main square, until the Supreme Court ordered a fair re-vote; it was like a class that saw the votes for class captain counted wrongly and calmly asked for a rec
---

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# The Orange Revolution, the Maidan and the war, sentence 0

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 2004 a presidential election was falsified, and hundreds of thousands of people in orange scarves stood peacefully on Kyiv's Maidan, the main square, until the Supreme Court ordered a fair re-vote; it was like a class that saw the votes for class captain counted wrongly and calmly asked for a recount.

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**Who acts:** hundreds, Supreme Court, Court, class, votes · **What happens:** falsify, stand, order, be, see, count · **To what, where:** presidential election, 2004, Maidan, fair re-vote, votes

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Orange Revolution, the Maidan and the war» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hundreds, Supreme Court, Court, class), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:049-the-orange-revolution-the-maidan-and-the-war.lesson:0
# text = In 2004 a presidential election was falsified, and hundreds of thousands of people in orange scarves stood peacefully on Kyiv's Maidan, the main square, until the Supreme Court ordered a fair re-vote; it was like a class that saw the votes for class captain counted wrongly and calmly asked for a recount.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 049-the-orange-revolution-the-maidan-and-the-war.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2004	2004	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	presidential	presidential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	falsified	falsify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
10	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	scarves	scarf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
18	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	peacefully	peacefully	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	's	's	PART	POS	_	21	case	_	_
23	Maidan	Maidan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	Supreme	Supreme	PROPN	NNP	_	32	compound	_	_
32	Court	Court	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:conj
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	re-vote	re-vote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
37	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
38	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
39	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
40	like	like	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:obl
43	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	44	nsubj	_	_
44	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	acl:relcl	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	votes	vote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	obj	_	_
47	for	for	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	compound	_	_
49	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	_
50	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	acl	_	_
51	wrongly	wrongly	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	calmly	calmly	ADV	RB	_	54	advmod	_	_
54	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	50	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=44:conj
55	for	for	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
57	recount	recount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obl	_	_
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **falsify** | past · passive |  | a presidential election |  | 2004 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stand** | past | hundreds of thousands of people in orange scarves |  |  | Kyiv's Maidan |  | peacefully *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on maidan=Location |
| 3 | **order** | past | the Supreme Court | a fair re-vote |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent re-vote=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | Court |  |  |  |  | like a class | tree rules |
| 5 | **see** | past | a class | the votes |  |  |  | for class captain | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vote=Stimulus |
| 6 | **count** | past | the votes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | wrongly *property* | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 7 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the votes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for a recount; calmly *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:049-the-orange-revolution-the-maidan-and-the-war.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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