---
title: On 24 February 2022 Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine… — The Orange Revolution, the Maidan and the war · tree and pragmatics
description: On 24 February 2022 Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine; its forces reached Kyiv's outskirts but withdrew from the north by early April, and the war continues with heavy losses and millions of refugees, as is widely reported. Who acts: Russia, forces, war. A sentence of the lesson «The 
---

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# The Orange Revolution, the Maidan and the war, sentence 11

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On 24 February 2022 Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine; its forces reached Kyiv's outskirts but withdrew from the north by early April, and the war continues with heavy losses and millions of refugees, as is widely reported.

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**Who acts:** Russia, forces, war · **What happens:** launch, reach, withdraw, continue, report, invade · **To what, where:** scale invasion, outskirts, north, Ukraine

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Orange Revolution, the Maidan and the war» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Russia, forces, war), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:049-the-orange-revolution-the-maidan-and-the-war.lesson:11
# text = On 24 February 2022 Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine; its forces reached Kyiv's outskirts but withdrew from the north by early April, and the war continues with heavy losses and millions of refugees, as is widely reported.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 049-the-orange-revolution-the-maidan-and-the-war.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	February	February	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	2022	2022	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	_
5	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	launched	launch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:amod
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	_
10	scale	scale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	invasion	invasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj
18	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	outskirts	outskirt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	withdrew	withdraw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	April	April	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	continues	continue	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	losses	loss	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	refugees	refugee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	nmod	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	45	aux:pass	_	_
44	widely	widely	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
45	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=33:conj
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | past | Russia | a scale invasion of Ukraine |  |  | february |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invasion=Theme |
| 2 | **reach** | past | invasion's forces | Kyiv's outskirts |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent outskirt=Theme |
| 3 | **withdraw** | past | invasion's forces *not said here* |  |  | the north | april |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from north=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **continue** | present | the war |  |  |  |  | with heavy losses and millions of refugees | vn continue-55.3 «NP.eventuality V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with loss=Subeventuality |
| 5 | **report** | present · passive | the war *not said here* |  |  |  |  | widely *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP» |
| 6 | **invade** |  |  | Ukraine |  |  |  |  | nom invasion «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:049-the-orange-revolution-the-maidan-and-the-war.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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