--- title: Cleopatra VII, the last pharaoh, lived about 2,050 years ago, spoke… — Ancient Egypt: the Nile and the pharaohs · tree and pragmatics description: Cleopatra VII, the last pharaoh, lived about 2,050 years ago, spoke many languages and tried to keep Egypt free by allying with Roman leaders. Who acts: Cleopatra VII. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient Egypt: the Nile and the pharaohs» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/5-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient Egypt: the Nile and the pharaohs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/5-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs/) / 15 # Ancient Egypt: the Nile and the pharaohs, sentence 15 Cleopatra VII, the last pharaoh, lived about 2,050 years ago, spoke many languages and tried to keep Egypt free by allying with Roman leaders. **Who acts:** Cleopatra VII · **What happens:** live, speak, try, keep, ally · **To what, where:** many languages, Egypt · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient Egypt: the Nile and the pharaohs» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cleopatra VII), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:005-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs.lesson:15 # text = Cleopatra VII, the last pharaoh, lived about 2,050 years ago, spoke many languages and tried to keep Egypt free by allying with Roman leaders. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 005-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Cleopatra Cleopatra PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 VII VII PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 pharaoh pharaoh NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 8 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 about about ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 2,050 2,050 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:obl:unmarked 12 ago ago ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:advmod 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 spoke speak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 15 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 tried try VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 xcomp _ _ 21 Egypt Egypt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 free free ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 xcomp _ _ 23 by by SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 24 allying ally VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 22 advcl _ _ 25 with with ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 Roman roman ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 leaders leader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | Cleopatra VII | | | | | ago *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Cleopatra VII *not said here* | many languages | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **try** | past | Cleopatra VII *not said here* | | | | | | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 4 | **keep** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Cleopatra VII *not said here* | Egypt | | | | free *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egypt=Theme | | 5 | **ally** | gerund | Cleopatra VII *not said here* | | | | | with Roman leaders | vn conspire-71 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with leader=Co-Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:005-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient Egypt: the Nile and the pharaohs, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/5-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs/14/) - next →: [Ancient Egypt: the Nile and the pharaohs, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/5-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/5-ancient-egypt-the-nile-and-the-pharaohs/)