--- title: Laozi is the traditional author of the Dao De Jing, a short book abo… — China: five thousand years and the oldest dynast… · tree and pragmatics description: Laozi is the traditional author of the Dao De Jing, a short book about following the natural «Way» (Dao); his very long life is a legend, and some historians doubt he was one person. Who acts: Laozi, short book, long life, historians. A sentence of the lesson «China: five thousand years and the olde --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: five thousand years and the old…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/) / 17 # China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties, sentence 17 Laozi is the traditional author of the Dao De Jing, a short book about following the natural «Way» (Dao); his very long life is a legend, and some historians doubt he was one person. **Who acts:** Laozi, short book, long life, historians · **What happens:** be, follow, doubt · **To what, where:** traditional author, natural Way, legend, one person This is a sentence of the lesson «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Laozi, short book, long life, historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson:17 # text = Laozi is the traditional author of the Dao De Jing, a short book about following the natural «Way» (Dao); his very long life is a legend, and some historians doubt he was one person. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6 1 Laozi Laozi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 traditional traditional ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 author author NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 8 Dao Dao PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 9 De De PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 flat _ _ 10 Jing Jing PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 book book NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 appos _ _ 15 about about SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 16 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 acl _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:det 18 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:amod 19 « « PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 20 Way Way PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:compound 21 » » PUNCT '' _ 20 punct _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:obj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 22 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 23 punct _ _ 23 Dao Dao PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:appos 24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 23 punct _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 27 very very ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 legend legend NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 appos _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 35 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 36 det _ _ 36 historians historian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 37 doubt doubt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 39 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 40 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 41 nummod _ _ 41 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 ccomp _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Laozi | the traditional author | | | | of the Dao Jing | tree rules | | 2 | **follow** | gerund | a short book *not said here* | the natural Way | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | present | Laozi's long life | a legend | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **doubt** | present | some historians | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is a** | past | Laozi | one person | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: five thousand years and the old…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/16/) - next →: [China: five thousand years and the old…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/)