--- title: In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, 770–221 BC, Chi… — China: five thousand years and the oldest dynast… · tree and pragmatics description: In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, 770–221 BC, China was split into rival states fighting each other, until the state of Qin united it in 221 BC. Who acts: rival states, state. A sentence of the lesson «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of M --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: five thousand years and the old…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/) / 19 # China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties, sentence 19 In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, 770–221 BC, China was split into rival states fighting each other, until the state of Qin united it in 221 BC. **Who acts:** rival states, state · **What happens:** split, fight, unite · **To what, where:** China, rival states, each, Art, 221 This is a sentence of the lesson «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rival states, state), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson:19 # text = In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, 770–221 BC, China was split into rival states fighting each other, until the state of Qin united it in 221 BC. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 Autumn Autumn PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 7 Warring Warring PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 States State PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 9 compound _ _ 9 periods period NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 770 770 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 appos _ _ 12 – - PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 13 221 221 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 flat _ _ 14 BC BC PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod:unmarked _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 16 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 17 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 split split VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 19 into into ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 rival rival ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 21 states state NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 22 fighting fight VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 acl _ _ 23 each each DET DT ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp 22 obj _ _ 24 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 fixed _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 26 until until SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Qin Qin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 31 united unite VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:conj 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 221 221 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 31 obl _ _ 35 BC BC PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nmod:unmarked _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **split** | past · passive | | China | | | spring | into rival states *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient into state=Result | | 2 | **fight** | gerund | rival states *not said here* | each | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Co-Agent | | 3 | **unite** | past | the state of Qin | Art | | 221 BC | | | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson:19`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: five thousand years and the old…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/18/) - next →: [China: five thousand years and the old…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/20/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/)