--- title: The Yellow Emperor, Huangdi, is a legendary ruler said to have lived… — China: five thousand years and the oldest dynast… · tree and pragmatics description: The Yellow Emperor, Huangdi, is a legendary ruler said to have lived about 4,700 years ago; many Chinese honour him as a cultural ancestor, though historians cannot prove he lived. Who acts: Yellow Emperor, many Chinese, historians, Huangdi. A sentence of the lesson «China: five thousand years and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: five thousand years and the old…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/) / 9 # China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties, sentence 9 The Yellow Emperor, Huangdi, is a legendary ruler said to have lived about 4,700 years ago; many Chinese honour him as a cultural ancestor, though historians cannot prove he lived. **Who acts:** Yellow Emperor, many Chinese, historians, Huangdi · **What happens:** be, say, live, honour, not prove · **To what, where:** legendary ruler, Huangdi · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yellow Emperor, many Chinese, historians, Huangdi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson:9 # text = The Yellow Emperor, Huangdi, is a legendary ruler said to have lived about 4,700 years ago; many Chinese honour him as a cultural ancestor, though historians cannot prove he lived. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Yellow yellow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 Emperor emperor PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 5 Huangdi Huangdi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 appos _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 legendary legendary ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 ruler ruler NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 11 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 13 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 14 aux _ _ 14 lived live VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 11 xcomp _ _ 15 about about ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 4,700 4700 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 17 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl:unmarked _ _ 18 ago ago ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 20 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 Chinese Chinese NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 honour honour VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 23 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 as as ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 cultural cultural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 ancestor ancestor NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 though though SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 30 historians historian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 31 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 33 prove prove VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 advcl _ _ 34 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 ccomp _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the Yellow Emperor | a legendary ruler | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | participle | | a legendary ruler *not said here* | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **live** | to-infinitive · perfect | | | | | | ago *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **honour** | present | many Chinese | Huangdi | | | | as a cultural ancestor | tree rules | | 5 | **not** **prove** | can | historians | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 6 | **live** | past | Huangdi | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: five thousand years and the old…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/8/) - next →: [China: five thousand years and the old…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/)