--- title: Zhang Heng built a seismoscope in 132 AD: a bronze jar with dragons… — China: the four great inventions · tree and pragmatics description: Zhang Heng built a seismoscope in 132 AD: a bronze jar with dragons that dropped a ball into a toad's mouth to show the direction of an earthquake. Who acts: Zhang, bronze jar. A sentence of the lesson «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its depende --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: the four great inventions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/) / 14 # China: the four great inventions, sentence 14 Zhang Heng built a seismoscope in 132 AD: a bronze jar with dragons that dropped a ball into a toad's mouth to show the direction of an earthquake. **Who acts:** Zhang, bronze jar · **What happens:** build, drop, show · **To what, where:** seismoscope, 132 AD, ball, mouth, direction This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zhang, bronze jar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson:14 # text = Zhang Heng built a seismoscope in 132 AD: a bronze jar with dragons that dropped a ball into a toad's mouth to show the direction of an earthquake. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Zhang Zhang PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 Heng Heng PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat _ _ 3 built build VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 seismoscope seismoscope NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 132 132 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 AD ad NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 bronze bronze NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 jar jar NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 appos _ _ 13 with with ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 dragons dragon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 15 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 16 dropped drop VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 into into ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 toad toad NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod:poss _ _ 22 's 's PART POS _ 21 case _ _ 23 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 direction direction NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 earthquake earthquake NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **build** | past | Zhang | a seismoscope | | 132 AD | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seismoscope=Product | | 2 | **drop** | past | a bronze jar with dragons | a ball | | a toad's mouth | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ball=Theme into mouth=Destination | | 3 | **show** | to-infinitive | a bronze jar with dragons *not said here* | the direction of a earthquake | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent direction=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: the four great inventions, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/13/) - next →: [China: the four great inventions, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/)