--- title: A 4,000-year-old bowl of millet noodles was found at Lajia in China;… — China: the four great inventions · tree and pragmatics description: A 4,000-year-old bowl of millet noodles was found at Lajia in China; Italy already had pasta before Marco Polo, and the story that he brought noodles home comes from a 1929 American magazine. Who acts: Italy, story. A sentence of the lesson «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: the four great inventions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/) / 17 # China: the four great inventions, sentence 17 A 4,000-year-old bowl of millet noodles was found at Lajia in China; Italy already had pasta before Marco Polo, and the story that he brought noodles home comes from a 1929 American magazine. **Who acts:** Italy, story · **What happens:** find, have, bring, come · **To what, where:** old bowl, Lajia, pasta, noodles, 1929 American magazine This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Italy, story), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson:17 # text = A 4,000-year-old bowl of millet noodles was found at Lajia in China; Italy already had pasta before Marco Polo, and the story that he brought noodles home comes from a 1929 American magazine. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 2 4,000 4,000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 2 punct _ _ 4 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct _ _ 6 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 bowl bowl NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 millet millet NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 noodles noodle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod _ _ 11 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 13 at at ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 Lajia Lajia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 Italy Italy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 19 already already ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 21 pasta pasta NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 before before ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 Marco Marco PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 compound _ _ 24 Polo Polo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=28:punct 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 29 that that SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ _ 32 noodles noodle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 33 home home ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 34 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 35 from from ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 37 1929 1929 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 39 nummod _ _ 38 American American ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 magazine magazine NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | past · passive | | a old bowl of millet noodles | | Lajia in China | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: subject=Theme at lajia=Asset | | 2 | **have** | past | Italy | pasta | | | before Marco Polo | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pasta=Patient | | 3 | **bring** | past | story | noodles | | | | home *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent noodle=Theme | | 4 | **come** | present | the story | | | a 1929 American magazine | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from magazine=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: the four great inventions, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/16/) - next →: [China: the four great inventions, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/)