--- title: Buddhism began in India and reached China around the 1st century AD;… — China: the Silk Road and the Tang · tree and pragmatics description: Buddhism began in India and reached China around the 1st century AD; it became one of China's great traditions, and Chinese forms spread to Korea and Japan. Who acts: Buddhism, silk, Chinese forms. A sentence of the lesson «China: the Silk Road and the Tang» of the history course of Mova's primary s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: the Silk Road and the Tang](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/) / 11 # China: the Silk Road and the Tang, sentence 11 Buddhism began in India and reached China around the 1st century AD; it became one of China's great traditions, and Chinese forms spread to Korea and Japan. **Who acts:** Buddhism, silk, Chinese forms · **What happens:** begin, reach, become, spread · **To what, where:** India, China, 1st century AD, Korea This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Silk Road and the Tang» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddhism, silk, Chinese forms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson:11 # text = Buddhism began in India and reached China around the 1st century AD; it became one of China's great traditions, and Chinese forms spread to Korea and Japan. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Buddhism Buddhism PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 reached reach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 7 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 8 around around ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 10 1st 1st ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 12 amod _ _ 11 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 AD ad NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 16 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 15 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:obj 17 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 18 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod:poss _ _ 19 's 's PART POS _ 18 case _ _ 20 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 traditions tradition NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 forms form NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 Korea Korea PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 Japan Japan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **begin** | past | Buddhism | | | India | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **reach** | past | Buddhism *not said here* | China | | the 1st century AD | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent china=Theme | | 3 | **become** | past | silk | | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **spread** | past | Chinese forms | | Korea and Japan | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: the Silk Road and the Tang, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/10/) - next →: [China: the Silk Road and the Tang, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/)