--- title: Chopsticks have been used in China for at least 3,000 years and spre… — China: the Silk Road and the Tang · tree and pragmatics description: Chopsticks have been used in China for at least 3,000 years and spread to Japan, Korea and Vietnam; in much of Asia, like India and Thailand, people traditionally eat with hands or spoons and forks. Who acts: people. A sentence of the lesson «China: the Silk Road and the Tang» of the history course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: the Silk Road and the Tang](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/) / 20 # China: the Silk Road and the Tang, sentence 20 Chopsticks have been used in China for at least 3,000 years and spread to Japan, Korea and Vietnam; in much of Asia, like India and Thailand, people traditionally eat with hands or spoons and forks. **Who acts:** people · **What happens:** use, spread, eat · **To what, where:** Chopsticks, China, Japan, much Asia This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Silk Road and the Tang» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson:20 # text = Chopsticks have been used in China for at least 3,000 years and spread to Japan, Korea and Vietnam; in much of Asia, like India and Thailand, people traditionally eat with hands or spoons and forks. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Chopsticks chopstick NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 for for ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 8 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 least least ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 10 nmod _ _ 10 3,000 3000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 spread spread VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 conj _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Japan Japan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 Korea Korea PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 Vietnam Vietnam PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 like like ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 conj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 Thailand Thailand PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 32 traditionally traditionally ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 34 with with ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 36 or or CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 spoons spoon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 forks fork NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 conj _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present · perfect · passive | | Chopsticks | | China | year | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **spread** | participle | | | Japan and Korea and Vietnam | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **eat** | present | people | | | much Asia and India and Thailand | | with hands or spoons and forks; traditionally *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson:20`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: the Silk Road and the Tang, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/19/) - next →: [China: the Song and the Mongols, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/55-china-the-song-and-the-mongols/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/54-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang/)