---
title: The Silk Road was a network of land and sea trade routes linking Chi… — China: the Silk Road and the Tang · tree and pragmatics
description: The Silk Road was a network of land and sea trade routes linking China with Central Asia, India, Persia, the Middle East and Europe, from the Han period onward. Who acts: Silk, land trade routes. A sentence of the lesson «China: the Silk Road and the Tang» of the history course of Mova's primary sch
---

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# China: the Silk Road and the Tang, sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Silk Road was a network of land and sea trade routes linking China with Central Asia, India, Persia, the Middle East and Europe, from the Han period onward.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Silk, land trade routes · **What happens:** be, link · **To what, where:** network, China, Han period

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Silk Road and the Tang» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Silk, land trade routes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson:8
# text = The Silk Road was a network of land and sea trade routes linking China with Central Asia, India, Persia, the Middle East and Europe, from the Han period onward.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:det
2	Silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	Road	Road	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	network	network	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	routes	route	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
13	linking	link	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	Central	Central	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Persia	Persia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	Middle	Middle	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=25:conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	Han	Han	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
33	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Silk | a network |  |  |  | of land trade routes | tree rules |
| 2 | **link** | gerund | land trade routes *not said here* | China |  | the Han period |  | with Central Asia and India and Persia and the Middle East and Europe | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent china=Patient with asia=Co-Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:054-china-the-silk-road-and-the-tang.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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