--- title: The Ming also rebuilt the famous brick-and-stone parts of the Great… — China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages · tree and pragmatics description: The Ming also rebuilt the famous brick-and-stone parts of the Great Wall and traded silk and porcelain for silver from the Americas; in the end famine and rebellion inside weakened it before the Manchus came. Who acts: Ming, famine, Manchus. A sentence of the lesson «China: the Ming and Zheng He's v --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/56-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/56-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages/) / 7 # China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages, sentence 7 The Ming also rebuilt the famous brick-and-stone parts of the Great Wall and traded silk and porcelain for silver from the Americas; in the end famine and rebellion inside weakened it before the Manchus came. **Who acts:** Ming, famine, Manchus · **What happens:** rebuild, trade, weaken, come · **To what, where:** famous brick stone parts, silk, Ming, end This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ming, famine, Manchus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:056-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages.lesson:7 # text = The Ming also rebuilt the famous brick-and-stone parts of the Great Wall and traded silk and porcelain for silver from the Americas; in the end famine and rebellion inside weakened it before the Manchus came. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 056-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Ming Ming PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 also also ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 rebuilt rebuild VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:det 6 famous famous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:amod 7 brick brick NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 12 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 10 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 9 punct _ _ 11 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 parts part NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 Wall Wall PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 traded trade VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 19 silk silk NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 porcelain porcelain NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 22 for for ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 silver silver NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 Americas Americas PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 23 nmod _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 31 famine famine NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 rebellion rebellion NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj _ _ 34 inside inside ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 35 weakened weaken VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 36 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ _ 37 before before SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 Manchus Manchus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 40 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 advcl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rebuild** | past | the Ming | the famous brick stone parts of the Great Wall | | | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Result | | 2 | **trade** | past | the Ming *not said here* | silk and porcelain | | | | for silver from the Americas | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent silk=Theme for silver=Co-Theme | | 3 | **weaken** | past | famine and rebellion | Ming | | | in the end | inside *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 4 | **come** | past | the Manchus | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:056-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/56-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages/6/) - next →: [China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/56-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/56-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages/)