---
title: Historians add that the Qing court was in fact curious about Western… — China: the Qing and the Opium Wars · tree and pragmatics
description: Historians add that the Qing court was in fact curious about Western things but refused Britain's terms. Who acts: Historians, Qing court, Britain. A sentence of the lesson «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, sentence 13

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Historians add that the Qing court was in fact curious about Western things but refused Britain's terms.

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**Who acts:** Historians, Qing court, Britain · **What happens:** add, be, refuse, term · **To what, where:** fact, terms · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Historians, Qing court, Britain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:13
# text = Historians add that the Qing court was in fact curious about Western things but refused Britain's terms.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Historians	historian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	add	add	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Qing	Qing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
10	curious	curious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
11	about	about	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	terms	term	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | Historians |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | the Qing court |  |  | fact |  | about Western things; curious *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **refuse** | past | Historians *not said here* | Britain's terms |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent term=Theme |
| 4 | **term** |  | Britain |  |  |  |  |  | nom term «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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