--- title: Britain took Hong Kong Island in 1842 and Kowloon in 1860 and rented… — China: the Qing and the Opium Wars · tree and pragmatics description: Britain took Hong Kong Island in 1842 and Kowloon in 1860 and rented the New Territories in 1898 for 99 years; Hong Kong returned to China in 1997 under «one country, two systems», which promised it its own laws and way of life. Who acts: Britain, Hong, two systems. A sentence of the lesson «China: --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/) / 18 # China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, sentence 18 Britain took Hong Kong Island in 1842 and Kowloon in 1860 and rented the New Territories in 1898 for 99 years; Hong Kong returned to China in 1997 under «one country, two systems», which promised it its own laws and way of life. **Who acts:** Britain, Hong, two systems · **What happens:** take, rent, return, promise · **To what, where:** Hong Kong Island, 1842, New Territories, 1898, China, 1997 This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Britain, Hong, two systems), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:18 # text = Britain took Hong Kong Island in 1842 and Kowloon in 1860 and rented the New Territories in 1898 for 99 years; Hong Kong returned to China in 1997 under «one country, two systems», which promised it its own laws and way of life. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3 1 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 Hong Hong PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 4 Kong Kong PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 Island Island PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 1842 1842 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 Kowloon Kowloon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 1860 1860 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 rented rent VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 New new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 Territories territory PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 13 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 17 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 1898 1898 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 obl _ _ 19 for for ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 99 99 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:nmod 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 23 Hong Hong PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 Kong Kong PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 flat _ _ 25 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 26 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 1997 1997 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 obl _ _ 30 under under ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 « « PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=33:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 32 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 33 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 36 systems system NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 appos _ _ 37 » » PUNCT '' _ 40 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=40:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 39 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 40 nsubj _ _ 40 promised promise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 acl:relcl _ _ 41 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ _ 42 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 43 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 laws law NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obj _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 46 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 conj _ _ 47 of of ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nmod _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past | Britain | Hong Kong Island and Kowloon | | 1842 | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent island=Value in 1842=Location | | 2 | **rent** | past | Britain *not said here* | the New Territories | | 1898 | year | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent territory=Theme | | 3 | **return** | past | Hong | | China | 1997 | | under one country | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to china=Result | | 4 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | two systems | Treaty's own laws and way of life | Treaty | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent it=Goal law=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/17/) - next →: [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/)