---
title: In the war of 1894–1895 Japan, which had modernised fast, defeated Q… — China: the Qing and the Opium Wars · tree and pragmatics
description: In the war of 1894–1895 Japan, which had modernised fast, defeated Qing China and took Taiwan. Who acts: Japan. A sentence of the lesson «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the war of 1894–1895 Japan, which had modernised fast, defeated Qing China and took Taiwan.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Japan · **What happens:** modernise, defeat, take · **To what, where:** Qing, war, Taiwan

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This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Japan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:20
# text = In the war of 1894–1895 Japan, which had modernised fast, defeated Qing China and took Taiwan.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	1894	1894	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:nummod
6	–	–	SYM	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	7	flat	_	_
7	1895	1895	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	_
8	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	modernised	modernise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	Qing	Qing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	flat	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
20	Taiwan	Taiwan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=12:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **modernise** | past · perfect | Japan |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **defeat** | past | Japan | Qing |  | the war  1894 of – 1895 |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **take** | past | Japan *not said here* |  | Taiwan |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument taiwan=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:20`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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