--- title: The Boxers, named after the martial arts they practised, attacked fo… — China: the Qing and the Opium Wars · tree and pragmatics description: The Boxers, named after the martial arts they practised, attacked foreigners and Chinese Christians in 1899–1901; some believed their rituals made them bulletproof, and in 1900 the armies of eight foreign countries took Beijing. Who acts: Boxers, some, rituals, armies. A sentence of the lesson «Chin --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/) / 21 # China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, sentence 21 The Boxers, named after the martial arts they practised, attacked foreigners and Chinese Christians in 1899–1901; some believed their rituals made them bulletproof, and in 1900 the armies of eight foreign countries took Beijing. **Who acts:** Boxers, some, rituals, armies · **What happens:** name, practise, attack, believe, make, take · **To what, where:** Boxers, martial arts, foreigners, 1899, Beijing, 1900 · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Boxers, some, rituals, armies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:21 # text = The Boxers, named after the martial arts they practised, attacked foreigners and Chinese Christians in 1899–1901; some believed their rituals made them bulletproof, and in 1900 the armies of eight foreign countries took Beijing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Boxers boxer PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 named name VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 5 after after ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 martial martial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 arts art NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 practised practise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=8:acl:relcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 attacked attack VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 foreigners foreigner NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 Christians Christian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 13 conj _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 1899 1899 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 obl _ _ 19 – - PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 1901 1901 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:conj 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 23 nsubj _ _ 23 believed believe VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj 24 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 rituals ritual NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 ccomp _ _ 27 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 bulletproof bulletproof ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 xcomp _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=32:punct 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 1900 1900 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 39 obl _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 armies army NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 eight eight NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 38 nummod _ _ 37 foreign foreign ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 39 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:parataxis 40 Beijing Beijing PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obj _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **name** | participle | | the Boxers *not said here* | | | after the martial arts | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **practise** | past | Boxers *= boxer* | the martial arts *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **attack** | past | the Boxers | foreigners and Chinese Christians | | 1899 1901 | | | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foreigner=Patient | | 4 | **believe** | past | some | | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **make** | past | Boxers's rituals | Boxers *= boxer* | | | | bulletproof *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product | | 6 | **take** | past | the armies of eight foreign countries | Beijing | | 1900 | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent beijing=Value in 1900=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:21`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/20/) - next →: [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/22/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/)