--- title: The Great Leap Forward, 1958–1962, aimed at very fast industrial gro… — China: 1911, 1949 and Mao · tree and pragmatics description: The Great Leap Forward, 1958–1962, aimed at very fast industrial growth; impossible targets and the taking of grain from villages led to a famine in which tens of millions died, by most historians' estimates; the exact number is debated. Who acts: Forward, Great Leap, tens, most historians. A senten --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: 1911, 1949 and Mao](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/) / 21 # China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, sentence 21 The Great Leap Forward, 1958–1962, aimed at very fast industrial growth; impossible targets and the taking of grain from villages led to a famine in which tens of millions died, by most historians' estimates; the exact number is debated. **Who acts:** Forward, Great Leap, tens, most historians · **What happens:** aim, lead, die, debate, take, estimate · **To what, where:** Great Leap, fast industrial growth, exact number, grain, villages This is a sentence of the lesson «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Forward, Great Leap, tens, most historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson:21 # text = The Great Leap Forward, 1958–1962, aimed at very fast industrial growth; impossible targets and the taking of grain from villages led to a famine in which tens of millions died, by most historians' estimates; the exact number is debated. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:det 2 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 Leap leap NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 4 Forward forward PROPN NNP _ 10 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 1958 1958 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 nmod _ _ 7 – – SYM SYM ExtPos=ADP 8 case _ _ 8 1962 1962 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 aimed aim VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 acl _ _ 11 at at ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 12 very very ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 14 industrial industrial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 growth growth NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 impossible impossible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 targets target NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 taking taking NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 grain grain NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 villages village NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nmod _ _ 26 led lead VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 famine famine NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 obl _ _ 32 tens ten NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nmod _ _ 35 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 acl:relcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:acl:relcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 36 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 37 by by ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 38 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 39 amod _ _ 39 historians historian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nmod:poss _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=41:compound 40 ' 's PART POS _ 39 case _ _ 41 estimates estimate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obl _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 exact exact ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 46 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 47 aux:pass _ _ 47 debated debate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 conj _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 26 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **aim** | participle | the Forward | Great Leap 1958 – 1962 *not said here* | | fast industrial growth | | | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot leap=Theme | | 2 | **lead** | past | Great Leap 1958 – 1962 | | | | | to a famine | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to famine=Patient | | 3 | **die** | past | tens of millions | | | | | by most historians's estimates; in a famine | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in which=Attribute | | 4 | **debate** | present · passive | | the exact number | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent | | 5 | **take** | | | grain | | villages | | | nom taking «act transitive»: of=patient from=place | | 6 | **estimate** | | most historians | | | | | | nom estimate «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson:21`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/20/) - next →: [China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/22/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/)