--- title: From 1978 Deng Xiaoping opened China to markets, letting people run… — China: 1911, 1949 and Mao · tree and pragmatics description: From 1978 Deng Xiaoping opened China to markets, letting people run their own farms and businesses and letting foreign companies build factories; special zones with easier rules for business, like Shenzhen, once a small fishing town, grew into huge cities, and hundreds of millions left poverty, thou --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: 1911, 1949 and Mao](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/) / 24 # China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, sentence 24 From 1978 Deng Xiaoping opened China to markets, letting people run their own farms and businesses and letting foreign companies build factories; special zones with easier rules for business, like Shenzhen, once a small fishing town, grew into huge cities, and hundreds of millions left poverty, though not everyone became rich. **Who acts:** Deng, people, foreign companies, special zones, everyone · **What happens:** open, let, run, build, grow, leave · **To what, where:** China, markets, 1978, own farms, factories, huge cities This is a sentence of the lesson «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Deng, people, foreign companies, special zones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson:24 # text = From 1978 Deng Xiaoping opened China to markets, letting people run their own farms and businesses and letting foreign companies build factories; special zones with easier rules for business, like Shenzhen, once a small fishing town, grew into huge cities, and hundreds of millions left poverty, though not everyone became rich. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 From from ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 1978 1978 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ _ 3 Deng Deng PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 Xiaoping Xiaoping PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 flat _ _ 5 opened open VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 7 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 markets market NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 letting let VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 11 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 12 run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:ccomp|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 farms farm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 businesses business NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 letting let VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 conj _ _ 20 foreign foreign ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 companies company NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 build build VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:ccomp|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 factories factory NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 special special ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 zones zone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 nsubj _ _ 27 with with ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 easier easy ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 29 amod _ _ 29 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 30 for for ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 business business NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:obl 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 like like ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 Shenzhen Shenzhen PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 36 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 40 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=40:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 38 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 39 fishing fishing NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 compound _ _ 40 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 appos _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 42 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 43 into into ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 obl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 48 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 conj _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 48 nmod _ _ 51 left leave VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=50:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 52 poverty poverty NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obj _ _ 53 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 54 though though SCONJ IN _ 57 mark _ _ 55 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 56 advmod _ _ 56 everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 57 nsubj _ _ 57 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 51 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=48:advcl 58 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 57 xcomp _ _ 59 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **open** | past | Deng | China | markets | 1978 | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent china=Patient to market=Recipient | | 2 | **let** | gerund | Deng *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **run** | infinitive | people | People's own farms and businesses | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme farm=Trajectory | | 4 | **let** | gerund | Deng *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **build** | infinitive | foreign companies | factories | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset factory=Product | | 6 | **grow** | past | special zones with easier rules for business like Shenzhen | | | | | into huge cities *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into city=Result | | 7 | **leave** | past | special zones with easier rules for business like Shenzhen *not said here* | poverty | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poverty=Theme | | 8 | **become** | past | everyone | | | | | rich *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson:24`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/23/) - next →: [China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/25/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/)